Publications

2019

• Harmonizing Safety, Security and Performance Requirements in Embedded Systems
  
  • Apvrille Ludovic
  • Li Letitia W.
  , 2019. <p> Connected embedded systems have added new conveniences and safety measures to our daily lives --monitoring, automation, entertainment, etc--, but many of them interact with their users in ways where flaws will have grave impacts on personal health, property, privacy, etc, such as systems in the domains of healthcare, automotives, avionics, and other personal devices with access to sensitive information. Designing these systems with a comprehensive model-driven design proce ss, from requirement elicitation to iterative design, can help detect issues, or incongruities within the requirements themselves earlier. This paper discusses how safety, security, and performance requirements should be assured with a systematic design process, and how these properties can support or conflict with e ach other as detected during the verification process. </p>
• Optimal Asymmetrical Back Plane Biasing for Energy Efficient Digital Circuits in 28 nm UTBB FD-SOI
  
  • Veirano Francisco
  • Naviner Lirida
  • Silveira Fernando
  Integration, the VLSI Journal, Elsevier, 2019, 65, pp.211-218. In this work we propose an optimal back plane biasing (OBB) scheme to be used in a UTBB FD SOI technology that minimizes the energy per operation consumption of sub threshold digital CMOS circuits. By using this OBB scheme, simulations show that more than 30% energy savings can be obtained with low threshold voltage (LVT) devices in comparison with classic symmetric back plane biasing (SBB) schemes. Additionally, this OBB scheme allows to adjust the performance of the circuit with very small energy penalties. A very simple and intuitive model, for sub threshold digital CMOS circuits, was developed to justify the benefits obtained by OBB. The results predicted by the model are confirmed with extensive simulation results. We show that the OBB approach can be applied easily to a given circuit just based on the information provided by a logic simulation of the circuit (or even an analysis of its structure) and simple electrical simulations of the pMOS and nMOS transistors. Finally, we show that the variability in the energy consumption is improved by using OBB and suggests that new sizing methodologies must be studied to fully benefit from the wide back plane voltage range available in UTBB FD SOI technology for the design of robust energy efficient digital circuits. (10.1016/j.vlsi.2017.08.008)
  DOI : 10.1016/j.vlsi.2017.08.008
• Beyond sound level monitoring: Exploitation of social media to gather citizens subjective response to noise
  
  • Gasco Luis
  • Clavel Chloé
  • Asensio Cesar
  • de Arcas Guillermo
  Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier, 2019, 658, pp.69-79. (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.071)
  DOI : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.071
• On $\sigma$ -LCD Codes
  
  • Carlet Claude
  • Mesnager Sihem
  • Tang Chunming
  • Qi Yanfeng
  IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019, 65 (3), pp.1694-1704. (10.1109/TIT.2018.2873130)
  DOI : 10.1109/TIT.2018.2873130
• Securing Network Coding Architectures Against Pollution Attacks With Band Codes
  
  • Fiandrotti Attilio
  • Gaeta Rossano
  • Grangetto Marco
  IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019, 14 (3), pp.730-742.
• Demonstration of a Multivendor Path Computation with Optical Feasibility Combining GMPLS and Open Source
  
  • Alahdab Luay
  • Ware Cédric
  • Le Rouzic Esther
  • Meuric Julien
  • Triki Ahmed
  , 2019 (Th2A.21).
• On the Latencies in a Hybrid Optical Packet Switching Network in Data Center
  
  • Minakhmetov Artur
  • Nagarajan Archana
  • Iannone Luigi
  • Ware Cédric
  , 2019 (W2A.21). (10.1364/OFC.2019.W2A.21)
  DOI : 10.1364/OFC.2019.W2A.21
• 1.3-μm Reflection Insensitive InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Lasers Directly Grown on Silicon
  
  • Duan Jianan
  • Huang Heming
  • Dong Bozhang
  • Jung Daehwan
  • Norman Justin C
  • Bowers John E
  • Grillot Frederic
  IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019, 31 (5), pp.345-348. This letter reports on a 1.3-µm reflection insensitive transmission with a quantum dot laser directly grown on silicon in the presence of strong optical feedback. These results show a penalty-free transmission at 10 GHz under external modulation with −7.4-dB optical feedback. The feedback insensitivity results from the low linewidth enhancement factor, the high damping, the absence of off-resonance emission states, and the shorter carrier lifetime. This letter paves the way for future on chip high-speed integrated circuits operating without optical isolators. (10.1109/LPT.2019.2895049)
  DOI : 10.1109/LPT.2019.2895049
• On learning guarantees to unsupervised concept drift detection on data streams
  
  • de Mello Rodrigo
  • Vaz Yule
  • Grossi Carlos
  • Bifet Albert
  Expert Systems with Applications, Elsevier, 2019, 117, pp.90-102. (10.1016/j.eswa.2018.08.054)
  DOI : 10.1016/j.eswa.2018.08.054
• Factor analysis of dynamic PET images: beyond Gaussian noise
  
  • Cruz Cavalcanti Yanna
  • Oberlin Thomas
  • Dobigeon Nicolas
  • Févotte Cédric
  • Stute Simon
  • Ribeiro Maria-Joao
  • Tauber Clovis
  IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019, 38 (9), pp.2231-2241. Factor analysis has proven to be a relevant tool for extracting tissue time-activity curves (TACs) in dynamic PET images, since it allows for an unsupervised analysis of the data. Reliable and interpretable results are possible only if it is considered with respect to suitable noise statistics. However, the noise in reconstructed dynamic PET images is very difficult to characterize, despite the Poissonian nature of the count rates. Rather than explicitly modeling the noise distribution, this paper proposes to study the relevance of several divergence measures to be used within a factor analysis framework. To this end, the β-divergence, widely used in other applicative domains, is considered to design the data-fitting term involved in three different factor models. The performances of the resulting algorithms are evaluated for different values of β, in a range covering Gaussian, Poissonian, and Gamma-distributed noises. The results obtained on two different types of synthetic images and one real image show the interest of applying non-standard values of β to improve the factor analysis. (10.1109/TMI.2019.2906828)
  DOI : 10.1109/TMI.2019.2906828
• Improving singing voice separation using Deep U-Net and Wave-U-Net with data augmentation
  
  • Cohen-Hadria Alice
  • Roebel Axel
  • Peeters Geoffroy
  , 2019. State-of-the-art singing voice separation is based on deep learning making use of CNN structures with skip connections (like U-net model, Wave-U-Net model, or MSDENSELSTM). A key to the success of these models is the availability of a large amount of training data. In the following study, we are interested in singing voice separation for mono signals and will investigate into comparing the U-Net and the Wave-U-Net that are structurally similar, but work on different input representations. First, we report a few results on variations of the U-Net model. Second, we will discuss the potential of state of the art speech and music transformation algorithms for augmentation of existing data sets and demonstrate that the effect of these augmentations depends on the signal representations used by the model. The results demonstrate a considerable improvement due to the augmentation for both models. But pitch transposition is the most effective augmentation strategy for the U-Net model, while transposition, time stretching, and formant shifting have a much more balanced effect on the Wave-U-Net model. Finally, we compare the two models on the same dataset.
• A Survey of Internet of Things (IoT) Authentication Schemes
  
  • El-Hajj Mohammed
  • Serhrouchni Ahmed
  • Fadlallah Ahmad
  • Chamoun Maroun
  Sensors, MDPI, 2019, 19 (5), pp.1141. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the ability to provide everyday devices with a way of identification and another way for communication with each other. The spectrum of IoT application domains is very large including smart homes, smart cities, wearables, e-health, etc. Consequently, tens and even hundreds of billions of devices will be connected. Such devices will have smart capabilities to collect, analyze and even make decisions without any human interaction. Security is a supreme requirement in such circumstances, and in particular authentication is of high interest given the damage that could happen from a malicious unauthenticated device in an IoT system. This paper gives a near complete and up-to-date view of the IoT authentication field. It provides a summary of a large range of authentication protocols proposed in the literature. Using a multi-criteria classification previously introduced in our work, it compares and evaluates the proposed authentication protocols, showing their strengths and weaknesses, which constitutes a fundamental first step for researchers and developers addressing this domain. (10.3390/s19051141)
  DOI : 10.3390/s19051141
• Autonomous system for data collection: Location and mapping issues in post-disaster environment
  
  • Tanzi Tullio Joseph
  • Isnard Jean
  Comptes Rendus. Physique, Académie des sciences (Paris), 2019, 20, pp.204-217.
• CC Meets FIPS: A Hybrid Test Methodology for First Order Side Channel Analysis
  
  • Roy Debapriya Basu
  • Bhasin Shivam
  • Guilley Sylvain
  • Heuser Annelie
  • Patranabis Sikhar
  • Mukhopadhyay Debdeep
  IEEE Transactions on Computers, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019, 68 (3), pp.347-361. (10.1109/TC.2018.2875746)
  DOI : 10.1109/TC.2018.2875746
• Computing the $k$-coverage of a wireless network
  
  • Vergne Anaïs
  • Decreusefond Laurent
  • Martins Philippe
  , 2019. Coverage is one of the main quality of service of a wireless network. $k$-coverage, that is to be covered simultaneously by $k$ network nodes, is synonym of reliability and numerous applications such as multiple site MIMO features, or handovers. We introduce here a new algorithm for computing the $k$-coverage of a wireless network. Our method is based on the observation that $k$-coverage can be interpreted as $k$ layers of $1$-coverage, or simply coverage. We use simplicial homology to compute the network's topology and a reduction algorithm to indentify the layers of $1$-coverage. We provide figures and simulation results to illustrate our algorithm.
• The OPC UA Galaxy
  
  • Patrick Bellot
  • Liu Zepeng
  , 2019.
• Procédé d'aide à la conduite pour vérifier l'intégrité d'un panneau de signalisation perçu par caméra
  
  • Monteuuis Jean-Philippe
  • Zhang Jun J.
  • Labiod Houda
  • Mafrica Stefano
  • Servel Alain
  , 2019.
• Semi-device-independent quantum money with coherent states
  
  • Bozzio Mathieu
  • Diamanti Eleni
  • Grosshans Frédéric
  Physical Review A, American Physical Society, 2019, 99 (2), pp.022336. The no-cloning property of quantum mechanics allows unforgeability of quantum banknotes and credit cards. Quantum credit card protocols involve a bank, a client and a payment terminal, and their practical implementation typically relies on encoding information on weak coherent states of light. Here, we provide a security proof in this practical setting for semi-device-independent quantum money with classical verification, involving an honest bank, a dishonest client and a potentially untrusted terminal. Our analysis uses semidefinite programming in the coherent state framework and aims at simultaneously optimizing over the noise and losses introduced by a dishonest party. We discuss secure regimes of operation in both fixed and randomized phase settings, taking into account experimental imperfections. Finally, we study the evolution of protocol security in the presence of a decohering optical quantum memory and identify secure credit card lifetimes for a specific configuration. (10.1103/PhysRevA.99.022336)
  DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.022336
• Practical Solutions to Save Bitcoins Applied to an Identity System Proposal
  
  • Augot Daniel
  • Chabanne Hervé
  • George William
  , 2019, pp.511-518. In a recent work by Augot et al. (2017), a scheme is proposed to build an identity system on top of the Bitcoin network. However, this proposal incurs very high costs since Bitcoin transactions require heavy fees. The current work introduces modifications to their scheme to make it more cost efficient while preserving its potential. Namely, we build on features of Bitcoin’s scripting language, which allows swapping coins between two compatible blockchains, and also on off-chain transactions. (10.5220/0007443905110518)
  DOI : 10.5220/0007443905110518
• Smart-card Deployment of an Electronic Voting Protocol
  
  • Chabanne Hervé
  • Dottax Emmanuelle
  • Rondepierre Franck
  , 2019, pp.503-510. (10.5220/0007443805030510)
  DOI : 10.5220/0007443805030510
• The strength of alpha-beta oscillatory coupling predicts motor timing precision
  
  • Grabot Laetitia
  • Kononowicz Tadeusz W.
  • Dupré La Tour Tom
  • Gramfort Alexandre
  • Doyère Valérie
  • van Wassenhove Virginie
  Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, 2019, 39 (17), pp.2473-18. Precise timing makes the difference between harmony and cacophony, but how the brain achieves precision during timing is unknown. In this study, human participants (7 females, 5 males) generated a time interval while being recorded with magnetoencephalography. Building on the proposal that the coupling of neural oscillations provides a temporal code for information processing in the brain, we tested whether the strength of oscillatory coupling was sensitive to self-generated temporal precision. On a per individual basis, we show the presence of alpha-beta phase-amplitude coupling (α-β PAC) whose strength was associated with the temporal precision of self-generated time intervals, not with their absolute duration. Our results provide evidence that active oscillatory coupling engages α oscillations in maintaining the precision of an endogenous temporal motor goal encoded in β power - the when of self-timed actions. We propose that oscillatory coupling indexes the variance of neuronal computations, which translates into the precision of an individual's behavioral performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhich neural mechanisms enable precise volitional timing in the brain is unknown, yet accurate and precise timing is essential in every realm of life. In this study, we build on the hypothesis that neural oscillations, and their coupling across time scales, are essential for the coding and for the transmission of information in the brain. We show the presence of alpha-beta phase-amplitude coupling (α-β PAC) whose strength was associated with the temporal precision of self-generated time intervals, not with their absolute duration. α-β PAC indexes the temporal precision with which information is represented in an individual's brain. Our results link large-scale neuronal variability on the one hand, and individuals' timing precision, on the other. (10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2473-18.2018)
  DOI : 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2473-18.2018
• Efficient frequent subgraph mining on large streaming graphs
  
  • Ray Abhik
  • Holder Lawrence
  • Bifet Albert
  Intelligent Data Analysis, IOS Press, 2019, 23 (1), pp.103-132. (10.3233/IDA-173705)
  DOI : 10.3233/IDA-173705
• Meta-models Combination for Reusing Verification Techniques
  
  • Zhao Hui
  • Apvrille Ludovic
  • Mallet Frédéric
  , 2019, pp.39-50. The design of Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) demands to combine discrete models of piecesof software (cyber) components with continuous models of physical components. Such hetero-geneous systems rely on numerous domains with competencies and expertise that go far beyondtraditional software engineering: systems engineering. In this paper, we explore a model-basedapproach to systems engineering that advocates the composition of several heterogeneous arti-facts (called views) into a sound and consistent system model. Rather than trying to build theuniversal language able to capture all aspects of systems, we rather propose to bring togethersmall subsets of languages to focus on specific analysis capabilities while keeping a global con-sistency of all these small pieces of languages. We take as an example, an industrial processbased on Capella, which provides (among others) a large support for functional analysis fromthe requirements to the deployment of components. Even though, Capella is already quite ex-pressive, it does not provide a direct support for schedulability analysis. However, AADL is anlanguage also dedicated to system analysis. It focuses on schedulability analysis, but that doesnot provide direct support for functional analysis. Rather than trying to extend either Capellaor AADL into always more expressive languages to add the missing features we rather extract apertinent subset of both languages to build a view adequate for conducting schedulability anal-ysis of Capella functional models. Our language is generic enough to extract pertinent subsetsof languages and combine them to build views for different experts. It also maintains a globalconsistency between the different views. (10.5220/0007261000390050)
  DOI : 10.5220/0007261000390050
• A Framework for Multi-level Modeling of Analog/Mixed Signal Embedded Systems
  
  • Genius Daniela
  • Cortés Porto Rodrigo
  • Apvrille Ludovic
  • Pécheux François
  , 2020, 1161, pp.201-224. Embedded systems are commonly built upon heterogeneous digital and analog integrated circuits, including sensors and actuators. Model-driven approaches for designing software and hardware are generally limited to the digital parts of systems. In the present paper, we adopt a global view on the extensions made to an integrated modeling and simulation tool, TTool. In this tool, the verification and virtual prototyping of embedded systems is described at different abstraction levels and extended in order to handle analog/mixed-signal systems. An extensive case study spans these levels and illustrates the usefulness of our approach. (10.1007/978-3-030-37873-8_9)
  DOI : 10.1007/978-3-030-37873-8_9
• A Tool for High-Level Modeling of Analog/Mixed Signal Embedded Systems
  
  • Genius Daniela
  • Cortés Porto Rodrigo
  • Apvrille Ludovic
  • Pêcheux François
  , 2019, pp.435-442. Embedded systems are commonly built upon heterogeneous digital and analog integrated circuits, including sensors and actuators. Model-driven approaches for designing software and hardware have been proposed, yet they are generally limited to the digital parts of systems. This paper presents the extension of an integrated modeling and simulation tool for the verification and virtual prototyping of embedded systems described at different abstraction levels to analog/mixed-signal systems. (10.5220/0007520804350442)
  DOI : 10.5220/0007520804350442